[HPADM] Summary: Bare metal recovery of /, /var, /usr, /opt (VxFs & other fs) primer
- From: "sunhux G" <sunhux@xxxxxxxxx>
- Date: Wed, 22 Oct 2008 21:53:09 +0800
Thanks Cindy, Jay, Marc, James' responses & apologies for the late
summary :
===============================================================
Now Ignite can be configured to do a pre-run step that generates a
restartable / resumable script that can be edited to include or exclude file
systems. If you are running Veritas Volume Manager for all of your non-OS
mount points then it should reimport those fine as it scans all disks
looking for volumes to import.
The Ignite image is basically a bootable restore tape/DVD that will nuke
your VG00, repartition, and then restore all of the files. I have used it
many times to resize / and /stand when either has become too small due to OS
patches / new products. It basically becomes the same screen you get when
you are installing a new server but instead of installing new
products/packages, it dumps back on your old setups.
===============================================================
The most comprehensive ones come from Bill Hassell whose reply is
after the ********* line below. Duplicated replies are omitted.
d. - make_tape_recovery puts everything in vg00 on the tape by default. You
can include or exclude things by editing the "archive_content" file. See
the man page for the location of this file and how to do this.
e. - Booting from the recovery tape will recreate everything in vg00 by
default. If you have other things you need to be restored from the recovery
tape, add them to the archive_content file
** I found out from HP later that if both the mirror disks of vg00 got
corrupted & we restore from make_tape_recovery, the mirror still needs
to be built (by making the 2nd disk joins the mirror)
*********************************************************************************
*********************************************************************************
Bare metal recovery usually means vg00 recovery, the boot are plus all the
files that HP-UX needs.
If you haven't used make_tape_recoovery very much, the first step is to use
the right options:
make_tape_recovery -I -v -x inc_entire=vg00 -a /dev/rmt/0mn
where: /dev/rmt/0mn is your desired tape drive. Do not use –A option.
(I found later that -A is to add additional partitions to be included
in the backup of make_tape_recovery)
=======================================
VxFS is standard on HP-UX and it is also known as JFS. The other filesystem
is HFS, also known as the McKusick fast file system. HFS is deprecated for
all but /stand where it is required to support the processor boot ROMs.
Have several questions :
a)does VxFs comes bundled free with the 2 HP-UX versions listed above?
Yes, since 10.00 but the Advanced JFS features such as resizing filesystems
larger or smaller without umount are extra-cost.
b)can I find out if VxFs is used just by doing "df -k" - supposedly there's
some indication that tells us this
df –g
c)to create a bare-metal recovery tape, is it the same for both PA-RISC &
Itanium (ie only make_tape_recovery)? What about "make_net_recovery"
script?
See command above for tape. MTR requires setting up a system to store the
images. You'll need at least twice as much disk for the images as you have
used on each vg00 you are backing up (think 20GB per server). The details
are in the Ignite/US handbook.
d)which filesystems/directories does "make_tape_recovery" backup - does
it cover /, /var, /usr, /opt? Reason I ask is I've installed the NetApp
SAN
drivers/tools & HP Data Protector & patches & I'm not sure if our
centralized D Protector will backup these properly (data partitions are
Ok as I've test restored them before using DP).
DataProtector (as well as tar, cpio, fbackup, etc) are useless (read:
worthless) for a bare metal restore. As mentioned before, vg00 is the minimm
needed to restore the boot disk and vg00. Once your vg00 volume is restored,
then DP will work for everything else.
e)in the event of OS/boot disk damage, will booting up from
make_tape_recovery
tape restore the OS disks & all disks partition tables (including those
SAN
partitions?). If not, how should I proceed to get them properly backed
up
Ignite/UX is not Data Protector. It is a boot disk/vg00 recovery tool. It
uses pax as the file backup tool and thus cannot backup any large files.
Note that files larger than 2GB should never be put onto vg00 anyway. You
take care of vg00 recovery with Ignite. You backup everything with DP so you
can pull a single file (or files) from DP as needed on a running system.
Ignite cannot restore single files.
f)for those disks that are mirrored (using LVM or VxFs), what's the command
for me to detach them prior to me doing a test restore (new to HPUX & I'm
the one who set up the mirroring) & how can I "sync" back from the mirror
disks in the event the restore fails - in case the restore went awry, a
mirror
member is still around.
You un-mirror each lvol logical volume) with lvreduce –m 0 /dev/vg00/lvol1.
You re-mirror each lvol with lvextend –m 1 /dev/vg00/lvol1
After re-mirror, you must sync everything with vgsync vg00
(replace the vg00 and lvol1 data with actual VGs and lvols.
Not accurate. The vg00 disks must be handled differently. The raw partitions
and SAN partitions will not be recovered by Ignite, only the mountpoints and
device files. The data on those disks does not need to be restored unless
needed.
==========================================================================
The best place to start is with the Ignite/UX manuals. Get all the Ignite
manuals from:
http://www.docs.hp.com/en/IUX/
make_net_recovery is covered in detail in the Ignite manuals. It is a method
to push the backup over the network and restore over the network. The
network Ignite system must be HP-UX and have a lot (dozens to hundreds of
GB) to store multiple Ignite images from multiple HP-UX systems. It is
slower than a tape drive (100 Mbit links are only 5-7 MB/sec). It is too
much trouble to setup for just two systems.
Now it is important to understand that Ignite is *NOT* a backup program. It
is a boot disk restore program. The boot disk is vg00 on a standard HP-UX
install and that's all you should include in your Ignite tape.Ignite uses
the dumb tar program (actually, pax which is tar with some enhancements) and
pax cannot backup any file larger than 2,000 MB. That makes it useless for
Oracle and other databases. Oracle should NEVER be installed in /oracle on
any system. The Unix standard is to use /opt for optional software and
Oracle would be installed in /opt/oracle. For the installation, /opt/oracle
is fine and that would be in the boot disk volume group vg00.
But no data files on vg00. Create a separate volume group for the data
files, rollback and archive directories. You backup everything using fbackup
(including vg00 files) so you can restore any one file in the future. You do
not use Ignite for restoring anything except vg00. The command shown below.
For fbackup, you use a config file and the following commands:
Contents of the config-file:
============================
blocksperrecord 4096
records 64
checkpointfreq 4096
readerprocesses 6
maxretries 5
retrylimit 5000000
maxvoluses 200
filesperfsm 2000
---------------------------------------------
Example for a complete backup starting at / (root):
fbackup -i / -v -c config-file -f /dev/rmt/0m
Display the tape header with dates:
frecover -V - -f /dev/rmt/0m
Display the table of contents:
frecover -I - -f /dev/rmt/0m
Bill
On Thu, Sep 25, 2008 at 6:50 PM, sunhux G <sunhux@xxxxxxxxx> wrote:
Hi,
I've been asked to test out our backups (assuming OS & data disks
all crashed). I've take "make_tape_recovery" but never used it to do
restore.
We're running HP-UX PA-RISC B11.11 & HP-UX Itanium B11.23 in
a mixed file systems (VxFs & probably the more regular fs journaled
ufs??)
Have several questions :
a)does VxFs comes bundled free with the 2 HP-UX versions listed above?
b)can I find out if VxFs is used just by doing "df -k" - supposedly there's
some indication that tells us this
c)to create a bare-metal recovery tape, is it the same for both PA-RISC &
Itanium (ie only make_tape_recovery)? What about "make_net_recovery"
script?
d)which filesystems/directories does "make_tape_recovery" backup - does
it cover /, /var, /usr, /opt? Reason I ask is I've installed the
NetApp SAN
drivers/tools & HP Data Protector & patches & I'm not sure if our
centralized D Protector will backup these properly (data partitions are
Ok as I've test restored them before using DP).
e)in the event of OS/boot disk damage, will booting up from
make_tape_recovery
tape restore the OS disks & all disks partition tables (including those
SAN
partitions?). If not, how should I proceed to get them properly backed
up ?
f)for those disks that are mirrored (using LVM or VxFs), what's the command
for me to detach them prior to me doing a test restore (new to HPUX & I'm
the one who set up the mirroring) & how can I "sync" back from the mirror
disks in the event the restore fails - in case the restore went awry, a
mirror
member is still around.
The whole objective is to make bare metal recovery as simple as possible,
ie
1) replace bad disks
2) boot from make_tape_recovery & it will automatically recover the OS disk
&
all other disk partitions (including raw partitions & SAN partitions) -
without
the need to install any SAN drivers or run Logical Volume Manager to
re-
partition the disks
3) Then for the data partitions, restore from Data Protector
Sorry this has been lengthy.
Is the above 3 step recovery feasible?
Thanks
U
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