Find out which character set is used

When a program is running inside an terminal emulator like
xterm or Konsole the emulator uses some character set like
ISO Latin-1, ISO Latin-9 or UTF-8.

As far as I know the use of UTF-8 can be recognized by
examining the environment variables LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE
and LANG for the string UTF-8.

When UTF-8 is not used, something like Latin-1, Latin-9 or
some other character set is used.

My question is now:
How to find out which character set is used in a terminal?

For X11 programs there is a similar problem:
Which character set is used to encode file names in a
directory?

Greetings Thomas Mertes

Seed7 Homepage: http://seed7.sourceforge.net
Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed7
Project page: http://sourceforge.net/projects/seed7

.

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